Cells known as trophoblasts, which arise from the
implanting conceptus, invade the decidua and are
therefore involved in early placental development. This
is the beginning of the intercommunicating lacunar network
that later becomes placental intervillous spaces.
Some of the trophoblasts form the chorionic sac, whose
surface is covered by tiny projections known as chorionic
villi. As the chorionic sac grows, the villi in close
proximity to the decidua capsularis eventually becomes
compressed, and a smooth, bare, avascular area called
the smooth chorion emerges. On the other hand, the villi
associated with the decidua basalis (maternal side of
placenta) persist and proliferate into the villous chorion
or chorion frondosum, the fetal side of the placenta
surface is covered by tiny projections known as chorionic
villi. As the chorionic sac grows, the villi in close
proximity to the decidua capsularis eventually becomes
compressed, and a smooth, bare, avascular area called
the smooth chorion emerges. On the other hand, the villi
associated with the decidua basalis (maternal side of
placenta) persist and proliferate into the villous chorion
or chorion frondosum, the fetal side of the placenta
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